Essay Type Question Sample

Essay Type Question SampleAn essay type question sample that gets your point across and enables you to see the correct approach for writing a research paper is invaluable. This particular type of sample can be very helpful in completing that assignment or book report you need to complete. You may already know this but you might not have realized it before.You need to write a research paper in order to earn some credits. The way you structure the essay matters because it gives you the best chance of landing the high grades you want. Even though it is hard to admit, the fact is that too many students do not write their research papers correctly and this could lead to failure.You also need to make sure that you come up with the right approach for writing a research paper. This means that you need to consider all of the aspects of writing a paper such as your audience, the topic, the amount of time you have to write, etc. There are too many ways you can avoid writing a paper that works, especially if you do not put much thought into the process.You need to take advantage of any opportunities that come along to learn how to get your homework done right and come up with the right approach for writing a research paper. One easy method for getting to this point is to check out a good essay type question sample. You can also check out some research papers on the Internet. These will give you a good outline to work from.You can also go through a few books on the subject or you can try using some online research paper writing software programs that do this for you. These types of essay type question samples are fantastic because they have already been tried and tested by so many students. You can compare notes and see if they have any great ideas that could work for you.These sample essays come in many different style and format. You can find a great idea or lesson plan that has been used by so many students. If you want to be able to apply that lesson plan you can check out one of these essay type question samples that come in both written and audio formats.This essay type question sample will help you learn how to think about what you need to write about. It will also give you a lot of ideas on how to present the material properly. This is something that you will need to do if you want to make sure that you have the most success when it comes to your essay.You should always do your research and follow the guidelines that are given to you to make sure that you do not waste any time and that you learn the best way to write a research paper. This is very important. With a little help from an essay type question sample you can have the appropriate approach when it comes to writing your research paper.

Introducing Favorite Book Essay Samples

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The reformation in Wales

Sample details Pages: 24 Words: 7109 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category History Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The Reformation is one of the most studied, most discussed and heavily analysed periods of English history, arousing controversy and interest through the works of academics and the private study of interested individuals alike. J.A. Froude called it [T]he greatest incident in English history, but it would be just as easy to call it an act of sacrilege motivated by a selfish tyrant, interested more in perpetuating his own line than fulfilling his self-proclaimed role as defender of the faith. No matter the differences of historical opinion, its importance cannot be denied, and nor can its impact. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The reformation in Wales | History" essay for you Create order Yet few authors have deigned to focus on the impact of this turbulent course of events on the principality of Wales, nor has there been much discussion of the role of its governor, Rowland Lee. This essay will do exactly that. It will begin with an analysis of the Reformation Acts as this author has dubbed them, the statutes enacted by Henry with the specific aim ofremaking the English church in his image. These measures affected thecountry as a whole, and any aspects peculiar to Wales will be examined. The essay will continue with a detailed look at the Welsh Acts,†statutes often called (wrongly) Acts of Union. Obviously, their effectis specific to Wales, and the attitudes of the Welsh people will be especially noteworthy here. Finally, the scope of the inquiry will turn to the man who implemented those policies as President of the Council of Wales: Rowland Lee, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield. To some he was a blood-thirsty man,the hanging bishop who instigated a re ign of terror. To others he was a skilled and efficient administrator, a man who was given a job to do and who took the actions necessary to its success. Once this essay isfinished, the thoughts of the writer will be well known, it will be upto the reader to make the final judgement. The background to the Reformation is long and complex, and is morethan a simple matter of a childish egotists desire to take what he hasbeen told he cannot have. Nor is the motivation as simple as apolitical need to secure the continuation of his line through the birthof a healthy son. Both of these were factors in Henrys thinking, butthey were not as simplistic as they have been portrayed. Henry was ascholar and had the capacity for intelligent, theoretical and theological thought. The Reformation was in part the end result of atheory of kingship based on the kingship of David in the Bible, and ona notion of imperium, that a king was the sole final arbiter of allmatters within his realm. Unfortunately, we do not have the available time or space to go into the causes of the Reformation in more detail. All that need concern the reader for the purpose of this study is that the Popes refusal to annul Henry VIIIs marriage to Catherine of Aragon (thereby invalidating the papal dispen sation that had made the marriage legal inthe first place) led Henry to break with the Church of Rome and taketotal control of the church in England. The Church of England, as it became known, had the King at its head; he was the defender of the faith, and no foreign power could determine religious policy in his realm, just as it could not determine administrative policies or set taxation. There is a logical (if not theological) sense in this policy,and it was one that fitted with Henrys newfound theory of kingship. (i) The Reformation in General: A Legislative Revolution Henry was a king who ruled with parliament, and this makes analysis ofhis policies easier, since there is a clear legislative framework toalmost every reforming measure he undertook. Indeed, the parliamentthat enacted this legislation was dubbed the Reformation Parliament.It was through Parliament and the legal apparatus at his disposal thatHenry and Cromwell conducted the reformation of the Church, which was to become Henrys church. The birth of the Reformation (at least in legal terms) came in the formof the Act of Restraint of Appeals (1533). It stated that as King ofEngland, Henry owed submission to no man, not even the Pope. The actproceeded on the basis that a king owed allegiance and obedience to Godand God alone. No earthly being could tell him how to interpret theScripture, or prevent him from annulling a marriage he had adjudgedsinful. In both theory and practice, it created an autonomous Church ofEngland, with the King at its head. The Act (as with almost alllegislation) was politically motivated, for (as its name implies) itbarred an English citizen from appealing to the Vatican against anydecision made by an English ecclesiastical court. The motivation forthis was obvious. It meant that if an English ecclesiastical courtruled that the marriage between the King and Catherine of Aragon wasinvalid, Catherine could not appeal to the pope. If she did, anyresponse would have no legal force within the English realm. Since theecclesiastical courts were now as much the kings courts as any otherlegal forum, they would dispense a decision in line with hisinterpretation of the law. This may seem tyrannical and corrupt tomodern eyes, but in Tudor England it made perfect sense. The courtsystem existed because the king was meant to dispense justice but couldnot hope to adjudicate every case himself. Personal intervention ofthis sort was impracticable. With this in mind, for a king to advisethe court of the correct decision was a constitutional act of theutmost legality. Part of the coronation oath was the preservation ofjustice; that is (in theory) all interference in a court case was; theking assuming duties he had previously sworn to perform. It is clear that dealing with his political and marital problems werefar more important to Henry and his government than reforming theChurch itself. The second key measure in the Henrician/Cromwellianreform programme was the Act of Succession (March 1534). The Actconfirmed the bastardy of Mary Tudor, (who had lost her title ofPrincess and was now referred to as the Lady Mary). Mary wasdisinherited and the Princess Elizabeth was named the kings truesuccessor. More importantly, the Act provided that any subject, if soordered, should swear an oath recognising its provisions. Most peoplecomplied without question, but both Thomas More and Bishop John Fisherrefused to take it. Both men paid for this allegiance to the Pope withtheir lives. The Princess Dowager (as Catherine of Aragon was nowdesignated), and her daughter also refused, but their relationship tothe Emperor restrained Henry, who left them to their own devices. It wasnt until later in 1534 (November) that the real changesbegan. The Act of Supremacy gave a legal, statutory definition of thekings position within the structure of this newly created Church ofEngland. It gave the king a statutory title of Supreme Head of theChurch of England and assigned the king all prerogatives to the saiddignity of supreme head of the same church belonging and appertaining.In effect, the pope was being displaced as the head of the church inEngland. Henry of course, had a different view. It was the kings ofEngland who had been displaced by the pope, based on spurious doctrinethat contradicted the Holy Scriptures. God had always intended that theking be master of all matters in his realm. That was why He selectedkings personally, putting them on the throne through his divine powers.His intervention at Bosworth Field had put the Tudors in control of thekingdom of England, and Henry was not about to let some bishop of Romeusurp his God-given authority. That would be to defy the will of God.Naturally, Henry was able to find theologians with concurring views.Richard Sampson, Bishop of Chichester wrote a treatise on the subjectthat made the very point Henry was making in the Act of Succession. Itsaid that The word of God is to obey the King, a nd not the Bishop ofRome.† Despite all of this, the Church of England remained an essentiallyCatholic church, since Henry had little interest in Protestantism.Indeed, many of the measures he did introduce of an evangelical naturewere later reversed. The Ten Articles of 1536 are a prime example ofHenrys attempts to steer a level course between the extremeCatholic/conservative and Anglican/evangelical wings of his new church.He was eager to keep it a broad church, but not willing to countenanceheresy (he burned papists and people who denied the sacraments withequal vigour). They were supposed to constitute a formulary for the newand improved Henrician church and were not without their controversies.For one thing, it only explicitly recognised three sacraments(baptism, penance and the Eucharist), where the Catholic Churchrecognised seven. Emphasis was laid upon the words of the Scriptures,and the merits of simple Christian life (something difficult torecognise in the grandiose magnificence of Renaissance royal courts).It was not however, an anti-Catholic formulation as such. It did notcondemn the Mass, nor did it condemn the Catholic call for good works.It was a balancing act, with a little something for everybody, and Weirhas described it as a tentative move in an evangelical direction. Ifit was such a move, it was one that Henry soon reversed. The Act of SixArticles in 1539 resolved any latent ambiguity that existed in theEnglish church, returning it to a clearly Catholic structure. Clericalmarriage was condemned and the vows of chastity were now held to besacred and unbreakable, which put Archbishop Cranmer in an unfortunateposition as his marriage had been an open secret for some time. He wasundoubtedly not alone in finding himself in what was now a compromisingsituation, and it is somewhat ironic that Henry was enactinglegislation to combat illegal marriages. One thing of course, remainedunchanged; papal supremacy was not restored, nor could it be. Henry hadspent years espousing his own supremacy over the church, and it hadbeen the guiding principle behind his reign for the past decade. Evenif he had wanted to reverse what he had done and re-enter the CatholicChurch, it would be a political mistake of the highest order, and notone that he was prepared to make. Only one man could have dominion overEngland, and that man was its king. (ii) The Dissolution of the Monasteries: Royal Motives and a Welsh Perspective The Dissolution of the Monasteries was seen by some as an unwarrantedattack on a helpless class of people with no means to defendthemselves, and by others as a necessary purging of a corrupt andparasitical class of clergymen who served no pastoral or practicalpurpose. In reality, it was in the main, a land grab. There was anincreasing likelihood of war with France and Henry had gained fewfriends following Englands break with Rome. As the arch-pragmatist andchief minister Cromwell saw it, the monasteries were an untappedresource. Now that the king was overall arbiter of the churchsfuture, he had a legal authority over the monasteries that he had neverhad before. With this new ecclesiastical power came a desire toexercise it. Cromwell managed to push through an extremely efficientprogramme of dissolution, despite the objections of the kings newbride, Jane Seymour. In four short years, all five-hundred andsixty-three religious houses would be closed, and their inmatespensioned off. This freed up an enormous amount of land and finances which, naturallybecame the property of the Crown. With the injection of the abbeysrevenues into the treasury, the royal income doubled. This new moneywould help to finance Henrys extensive (and expensive) buildingprojects and the acquisition of new property (among other things). TheCrown also annexed monastic lands worth  £120, 000 a year, a massiveamount of money at the time, which amounted to one fifth of thekingdoms landed wealth. The Reformation was a time when the king had no significant standingarmy, despite the threat from the Catholic powers of France and Spainand the not unlikely threat of civil rebellion. To offset this risk,Henry redistributed a third of this new land to secure the loyalty ofimportant men, men who he would come to depend on when the northerupted in rebellion in 1536-7. Whilst the church held one quarter of all Welsh land it was notprolific in its membership. In 1500, Cistercian monasteries ave ragedonly six monks. Augustinian monasteries averaged five monks, with theBenedictine order averaging a mere three monks a monastery. Theso-called Great Abbey at Tintern only had thirteen monks. All in all,the dissolution displaced two hundred and fifty monks, nuns and friars,not an extreme number. Indeed, Henry could easily have described them as a minor casualty that benefited the whole nation. The effect on the people of Wales was somewhat more serious, as thepoor relied on the benefactory nature of the Welsh monasteries andpriories. This was a country where fifty per cent of the populationsuffered from malnutrition and an equal percentage of newborn babiesfailed to survive their first year. A lifespan of thirty-five years wasalso not uncommon, which is low, even for medieval Europe. The sheerpoverty and susceptibility to illness (a result of their malnutrition)of the Welsh working class made them dependent on the principalitysforty-six monasteries for alms and food. What mad e this worse was thatall of the Welsh monasteries were relatively poor, and so all of themwere dissolved in the initial cull of the lesser monasteries. In onefell swoop, Welsh monasticism was ended; for the Welsh there was noadjustment period, no breathing space; all of their monasteries went atonce. With the monasteries gone, a vital source of relief was cut off,a fact that no doubt hit hard in poor homes throughout Wales andengendered a lot of distaste for the Tudor regime. A dynasty that theWelsh people had supported at its inception was taking away a vitalsource of support. It was to get worse too, as the new Church ofEngland cracked down on idolatry and (in Welsh eyes) took an axe to thepeoples heritage. (iii) The Idolatry Crackdown: A Welsh Perspective As has been stated above, the Reformation began as an essentiallypolitical process, resolving the question of absolute dominion andwhether the church was to be ruled from Rome or by the divinelyappointed sovereign of the nation in question. However, as the TenArticles of 1536 demonstrates, the Reformation did incorporate somereform of the church into its programme. A part of this thatparticularly affected Wales was the crusade against idolatry andimages. In 1538, Thomas Cromwell issued an Injunction ordering every parishchurch to stock an English bible to be made available for all whowished to read it and interpret the Scriptures themselves. As we willsee below, this was of little benefit to the Welsh. In the same year, asimilar Injunction ordered that every shrine in the country was to bedestroyed. This is where the popular image of thugs running around thecountry smashing up churches comes from, and it is a view that is notwithout some justification. As always, Cromwell was ve ry effective, andeven the shrine of Thomas Becket (one of the countrys holiestpilgrimage places) was lost as a result of the zealous evangelicaldestruction squads. This had a particularly damaging effect on Wales,where cultural-religious relics were highly venerated. In a move thataccorded perfectly with the Reformations attempt to completelyassimilate the Welsh nation and culture, the principalitys relics wereruthlessly swept away, with almost nothing (if anything) surviving thecull. Village processions would often have sacred images carried inthem, these priceless relics were lost. One such relic was the healing cup of Nant Eos. This sacred relicwas in reality no more than a cracked piece of wood, but to the Welshit had mystical powers. Whilst such a phrase sounds laughable to modernears, there is little doubt that the Welsh believed in the cupsproperties. Not only did it have remarkable healing properties, itpossessed the ability to cleanse your soul, keeping you out of hell a ndin extreme cases, it was believed to bring you back from that foulplace of purgatory. To the Welsh therefore, this was not merely avenerated image, but a physical key to salvation and a medical toolthat went far beyond contemporary healing techniques. As we have seen,Tudor Wales was a grim place and to remove relics such as the cup ofNant Eos was to eliminate hope itself for many of the people whobelieved in them. At a time when the Acts of Union were doing theirvery best to dilute and destroy the very basics of Welsh culture, thepolicies of the Reformation were providing a complementary service inthe field of religious relics. (i) Why unify? The Welsh Problem The Welsh problem had been of concern to Henry VIII for some time bythe coming of the Reformation. Even though he had never been anyfarther west than Bristol, he was aware that the country which hadhelped his father to the throne was an alien one, out of step with therest of his realm. In a period of heightened nationalism, thedifferences between the Principality and its ruler were brought into amuch sharper focus, and became more clearly defined as a threat to theuniformity of the Henrician imperium. The Welsh language was an ugly tongue when compared to the Latin,French and Greek he had learned at the hands of his tutors, and it hadan alien sound to it. To a paranoid man, it could also be construed asthe ideal way to foment rebellion; after all, it is hard to root outtraitors when you cannot understand what they are saying It wasnt just the Welsh language that concerned the king. Walesstill had a distinct legal system, based on Gaelic traditions whichwere alien to a country based on Norman ideals. The Welsh system was sodifferent that it did not even recognise the English distinctionbetween civil and criminal cases; one of the central tenets of thecommon law system. Outrageously to a modern western audience,manslaughter and deliberate homicide were not even considered realcrimes. In England, such acts were offences against the community, tobe judged in royal courts, and nothing could alter the prosecutorsright to pursue a criminal case. In Wales (and Ireland), it was the kinwho had been wronged, and they who sought a remedy, and as in somemodern cultures, the family could seek financial reparations. None of this was, strictly speaking, a threat to society, or the soundadministration of the Principality. What was (or at least should havebeen) a genuine cause for central concern was that the conquest had notmanaged to eliminate the operation of the law of galanas, a lawregarding blood feuds and the appropriate resolution of such disputes.The principl e of compensation was fundamental to the justice of thefeud, and it is not impossible that compensation could have included alife in return for a life. As we have seen above, tolerance was not one of Henry VIIIs qualities.He did not recognise alternative forms and systems of justice,especially when they were operating in his imperium. The root cause ofthe Reformation was his determination to see that his law was the law,and that no legal system, ecclesiastical or civil, could co-exist withhis own. Henry himself said that the Welsh laws were sinister usagesand customs used by the lords of the March for thraldom and tyranny. Of a more practical concern, there was a serious problem with law andorder throughout Wales and it was this that was the root cause ofHenrys acts of union. As Henry himself said in 1520: realms withoutjustice be but tyrannies and robberies Wales was not as much of aproblem as the Marches, which were a patchwork of autonomous fiefdoms,where lawlessness and vi olence abounded. The main problem with theMarcher lordships was centuries old. The constant threat of rebellionin Wales had led to the Marches becoming a buffer zone between thePrincipality and England, a medieval Rhineland, designed to keep theWelsh wolf from the door. To combat the Welsh threat, extensive powershad been delegated to the Marcher lords, powers that had never beenreclaimed. Within any one lordship, the lord had legislative power and,as Susan Brigden has said, they possessed virtual judicialomnicompetence within their own domain. There were a total of onehundred and thirty-seven separate jurisdictions where the kings writsimply did not run. They were notorious hideouts for outlaws andcriminals, a situation not helped by the fact that a murderer couldsimply cross state lines into another lordship to avoid punishment.For serious, career criminals the Marches were a safe haven that theking could simply no longer permit. The situation is believed to havebeen so bad that J .A. Williamson described Wales as wild anduntroubled by Parliaments laws, or by any law at all, being in aworse state of crime and disorder than England had been in the civilwars. For a king so obsessed with sovereignty and control over hisown domains, reform of the Marches and the principality as a whole wassimply a matter of time. All of these things, coupled with thetheoretical imperative that England was an empire, ensured that theActs of Union were not a long time coming. (ii) The Acts of Union: Aims and Effects Before the Acts are examined, one thing must be made clear; Henrywanted control of Wales, he did not want to set up an effective Welshgovernment, capable of managing its own affairs and getting a grip onlaw and order. He was not interested in bolstering the Welshadministration by giving them the tools to get the job done. What hewanted was a full scale incorporation of the Principality into theEnglish sovereignty. Once this was accomplished, the traditionalEnglish mechanisms could see to law and order in the tried and testedways. As has been exhaustively discussed above, the biggest problem wasthat the very nature of the Marcher lordships hindered the maintenanceof law and order. Therefore, they were a primary target of the 1536 Actwhich saw to their abolition. Some were combined with the unshiredWelsh lands to create the new counties of Monmouth, Brecon, Radnor,Montgomery and Denbigh (in 1543 Monmouth was transferred to England andtwo new counties of Glamorgan and Pembroke were cr eated). The rest ofthe lordships were incorporated into adjacent English counties. Crimescommitted in Marcher lordships could not be avoided by fleeing toanother jurisdiction; they were to be tried in English courts. Thepractice of cymortha, the imposition of obligatory gifts (a majorsource of revenue for Marcher lords) was forbidden. Any Marcherlordship official deemed guilty of corruption or oppression could betried and punished by the Council of Wales, whose powers wereincreased. The patchwork of anarchy had been abolished. Welsh law was another target of the 1536 Act. Henrys distrust of alienjurisdictions could lead to only one natural outcome; English law wasestablished as the law of the land throughout Wales. There were to beno more dual systems, with Welsh and English law operating side byside; from 1534 onwards, the Welsh legal system was no more differentto the national system than was the Sussex or Derbyshire legal system.English rules of tenure and inheritance replaced older Welsh customs.There was only one law in Wales: the Kings law. Of course, the change in legal structure would have meant nothingwithout the mechanisms and means to enforce it. Courts of greatsessions and Justices of the Peace were introduced to bring the Englishcommon law to Wales. The Council of Wales (which sat in Ludlow castlein Shropshire) was now the equivalent of a Welsh Privy Council andCourt of Star Chamber combined, and under the leadership of BishopRowland Lee, was responsible for enforcing the law in Wales (below, wewill examine the success and question the methods of Bishop Lee). To ensure the erosion of the Welsh language, English was to be thenational legal language of Wales. All court hearings were to beconducted in English (which caused obvious problems) and all publicofficials in Wales had to speak English. This was a clever move, itwedded the Welsh gentry to the Crown, anglicising them and driving afirm wedge between them and the Welsh lower classes. An y student ofhistory knows that a revolution needs the support of the middleclasses; the Act of Union ensured there was no benefit to suchco-operation. The Acts of 1536 and 1543 were not all bad news for the people ofWales. Indeed, they had some very tangible benefits. For one thing, thelegal distinctions between Henrys English and Welsh subjects wereeliminated. The Welsh were no longer second class citizens, they couldexpect the same level of due process as their English neighbours anddecades-long impediments to the acquisition and inheritance of landwere therefore removed. Whilst Welsh courts operated on Englishprinciples they were not answerable to Westminster but to theChanceries in Caernarfon and Carmarthen; thereby giving the Welshcourts an autonomy granted to no other section of the kingdom. Mostimportantly to modern eyes (although the reaction at the time wasprobably fairly moderate), the 1536 Act entitled Wales torepresentation at Parliament for the first time in its hist ory. In 1543it sent twenty-seven MPs to Westminster. Clearly, the incorporationinto England was total, with Wales deriving the benefits as well as thecultural assaults of a full-blown union with England. Whilst somehistorians claim that the Statute of Rhuddlan (1284) created a unionbetween the two countries, this is somewhat short-sighted. Rhuddlan putWales under the auspices of the English kings, but it made Wales acolony, where its own inhabitants were left to their own devices andtreated as less than their English counterparts. Whilst the acts of1536 and 1543 were a clear attempt to assimilate and dissipate theWelsh culture, it also took positive steps to bring the Welsh into thefold, giving them rights they had never before enjoyed. In Henryscase, the lord giveth at the same time as the lord taketh away.Whatever the pros and cons of Henrician reforms, the Welsh language isstill alive over four hundred and fifty years later, and the Welshcontinue to be proud of their culture and their history. Rowland Lee was appointed president of the Council of Wales as partof a move to gain greater central control of the realm. In Ireland, theEarl of Kildare was replaced as governor by Sir William Skeffington (amilitary captain) and Lord Dacre was replaced as warden of the westmarches in the north by the Earl of Cumberland. All of this happened inthe space of a single month. As has been outlined above, Wales was ananarchic area, in need of a firm hand. Lee was to be that hand, andover the next nine years he conducted what some historians wouldcharacterise as a reign of terror. Like any sensible person, and in line with the thoughts of hissovereign, Lee was alive to the possibility that a Catholic nation suchas France or Spain was likely to invade. Lee took active measures todefend the coasts, recruiting soldiers and hunting out resources torepair the royal castles which had been falling into disrepair. At thetime of their construction, Welsh castles such as those b uilt by EdwardI were designed as Welsh outposts, military strongholds in a freshlyconquered and belligerent colony. By the 1530s, the age ofcastle-building was over. Having mentioned above that Henry VIII hadused the monastic income to fund his extensive building projects; thismay surprise the reader of this piece. But do not be surprised. HenryVIII was a palace builder. He wanted large, glamorous and opulentresidences to relax in and house a Renaissance court that was worthy ofthe name. The type of uncomfortable and old-fashioned castle thatEdward I had deemed necessary in the thirteenth century was deemed ananachronism. They were also hugely expensive. This meant that Lee hadto make do with the castles he already had and hope that there wasntan invasion. Since his prayers were answered in this respect, we cannotjudge Lees success in this area. All we can say is that he seems tohave taken all the precautions a reasonable man could have taken. Lees greatest success and the bigges t anvil dragging his reputationdown is his policy regarding law and order. This essay has discussed atsome length the lawlessness and turbulence that abounded in the WelshMarches prior to the arrival of Bishop Lee. His reports were in partresponsible for the reforms found in the 1536 Act, an act which gavethe Council of Wales the means to take Welsh matters in hand. Itensured that the patchwork of private judicial enclaves and palatinatesbecame a large English common law blanket under Lee’s jurisdiction.There is no doubt that Lee earned his nickname of the hanging bishop.Indeed, his entire policy on law and order was to hang people, the morethe better. Hanging was to be done frequently and publicly, especiallyif the criminal in question was of a more respectable background thanthe common criminal. Davies credits Lee with saying that executing agentleman was better than dispatching a hundred petty wretches andclaims he boasted that he had executed four of the best blood inShro pshire. Even if this is true, it is a sound policy. One of themajor scourges of the Wars of the Roses had been the major families andtheir constant liberty-taking where the law was concerned. Greatfamilies would wage private wars and other nobles would keep a hold ontheir territories by fear and licensing thugs and criminals to run riotthroughout their lands. The Marcher lordships were no different. Therewas little respect for the law. One way to instil a healthy fearfulrespect of the law was to prove that no-one was above it. If a wealthylanded gentleman could swing from the gallows for a crime then anyonecould. This author is no fan of capital punishment and would point tothe fact that people still kill each other in states where the deathpenalty exists. But in the case of Bishop Lee, it would be incrediblydifficult to argue that his policy of hanging did not act as adeterrent. The Marches and the rest of the principality quickly fellinto line. The chronicler Elis Gruffyd claims t hat Lee executed fivethousand men in six years and this would certainly accord with theprinciple ascribed to Lee that it was better to hang a hundred innocentmen than let a guilty one escape the noose. If Lee really did despatchfive thousand souls to meet their maker, then it is easy to see whyWales became a more orderly region under his rule. In 1538, the manhimself said that order and quiet such as is now in England prevailedall over Wales. A key question when determining Lees success is the extent to whichLee benefited from the reforms of 1536, and whether the success of Leewas really the success of administrative reform as imposed byWestminster. After all, the key thread running through the criticism of the Marcherlordships is that they lacked a uniform legal system and an effectiveand unified administrative machine. The Act of 1536 gave Wales boththese things and therefore, the argument could be made, brought orderto the Principality. Before this argument is debunked, it is necessaryto give it a full airing by going over exactly how the Act aided BishopLees pursuit of order. Much was made in the previous section of the legal, jurisdictional andpolitical patchwork that existed in the Marches. Naturally this causedserious administrative problems for Bishop Lee. The extensive rightsgranted to the Marcher lords in the previous century still existed,even if the political and military justification for such a delegationof royal authority no longer did. This left the Council prettypowerless where the lordships were concerned, and meant that any reformLee undertook had to be confined to the Principality. Not that that wasan easy task, for the Principality had, in many places, Welsh andEnglish law operating side by side. These jurisdictional problems weresolved in one fell swoop by the 1536 Act; Lee went from having littleor no jurisdiction to having legal authority over all of Wales. Withoutthis reform of Marcher and Principality law, Lees task would have beenmuch more difficult than it was. Lee now had the power to punishmurderers and other criminals who had previously been out of reach,hiding out in the Marches and hopping from lordship to lordship toavoid justice. The introduction of one law and one jurisdiction madeLees task infinitely easier, as did his newfound ability to punishMarcher officials for corruption and oppression. The creation of Courts of Great Sessions and Justices of the Peace alsoaided Lee in his work. He was now at the head of a legal machine thatworked as a single unit, in a system where neighbouring counties couldwork together, rather than in competition with each other. It is important to realise that Henry VIII did not wake up one morningand decide to unify England and Wales. Lee was appointed president ofthe council in 1534, and it was as a result of his reports on the Welshsituation that the 1536 Act came about. So, even if you (falsely)attribute the success of Rowland Lee to the administrative and legalreform enacted by Parliament, he must gain some credit for helping tobe the architect of his own success. Whilst the reforms brought about by the so called Act of Union were akey factor in the restoration of order to the Principality, it would befoolish to think that reform alone could achieve the successfulestablishment of stability that Rowland Lee oversaw. The singularstep-change that Wales experienced in the 1530s and 1540s was notachieved with the wave of a statutory magic wand and the utterance of afew magic words. For one thing, the reforms had to be implemented. Thattask was assigned to Rowland Lee. Once he had successfully implementedthe Act of Union, he had to tackle the pressing issue of law and order.A clear legal framework, combined with efficient administrativemachinery do not bring an end to anarchic lawlessness on their own.They need to be guided by policy, which has to be devised by thegovernment. In Wales case, Rowland Lee was the governor, and heinstituted a clear policy with regards to law and order. It wasunquestionably his own, and without his zeal and determination, theWelsh problem would have not been resolved so quickly. Legal reform wasa boon to be sure, but Wales needed to be brought under control, andthat needed a firm hand. Whatever the criticisms of Bishop Lee, hisfirmness and assertion of authority were undeniable. Indeed, as luckyas Lee was to be president at a time of legal reform and consolidation,Henry was lucky to have a reliable and effective administrator incharge of that reform. Lee is supposed to have said that he wouldrather execute one hundred innocent people than allow one guilty man toescape justice. This is the antithesis of modern thinking and offensiveto modern sensibilities. Whilst Lees policy of rough justice may makemodern observers tut and shake their heads, it got the job done, andthat, above all, was what Henry really needed from Rowland Lee. It is difficult for modern observers to give credit to Rowland Leebecause his methods seem so barbaric to todays supposedly evolvedsense of ethics and morality. However, it is important to remember thatRowland Lee did not live in modern times. Tudor politicians were notmerely modern politicians dressed in outlandish clothes and speaking inan antiquated manner. They were creatures of their period, inhabitantsof another world, with ethical and moral standards of conduct whichwould seem alien to modern people. They were men who often resorted toviolence, for they lived in a violent time, when the end of a politicalcareer was usually caused by death, natural or otherwise. In politics,death was an occupational hazard. It was also an acceptable tactic.Henry VIII certainly had no qualms about resorting to violence. BishopFisher and Thomas More were executed for treason; understandable, untilyou discover that their treachery was a refusal to acknowledge the kingas Supreme Governor of the Church. Henry was so comfortable with deaththat he exe cuted two of his own wives. Weir quite rightly states thatHe ruled on the precept that fear engenders obedience It is hardlysurprising that Lee adopted the same tactic. Lee was such a fearsomefigure that Welsh mothers would tell their children to behave orRowland Lee would come to get them. He was the Welsh equivalent of theBogeyman. French Ambassador Marillac observed that The King willnot cease to dip his hand in blood This would be an equally faircomment regarding his own master, Francis I. Judicial homicide was anacceptable political tool, so he can hardly blame Lee for using it in aconstructive manner, enforcing the law and keeping the peace, ratherthan executing people who refused to acknowledge his greatness. In thecontext of the time, Lees policy was a sensible one. Indeed, if he wasto have any hope of restoring order to an area of chaos, it is hard tosee what other action he could have taken. If he had done nothing, hewould have been deemed incompetent in both our era and h is own. It isunderstandable that in the modern era, there is criticism of stateexecutions, but in a time when the worlds only hyper-power executespeople who were legally juveniles when they committed their crimes,labelling Rowland Lee as some kind of gung-ho gallows jockey is unfairand lacks a sense of realism. Rowland Lee was a successfuladministrator who brought peace to a troubled area. You can questionhis methods, but you cannot question his success. To further illustrate Lees success, it is necessary to look at eventsoutside of his sphere of influence. For we shall see that Leesgreatest success was not what he achieved, but what he managed toprevent. Wales was not the only problem spot in Henrys imperium. The north ofEngland had caused problems for almost every monarch since Edward II,and the second Tudor king was not spared the regions wrath. Given the willingness of men like More and Fisher to die for what theybelieved, it is unsurprising that there were also men willing to fightfor it, although it undoubtedly surprised Henry just how many of hissubjects were willing to do so. The rebellion was known as the Pilgrimage of Grace, and it lasted fromOctober 1536 to the spring of 1537. It began in Lincolnshire, andinvolved thousands of malcontents, led by Robert Aske. It wassufficiently large to prevent Henry from crushing it as he was no doubteager to do. He had just reformed the Church to prevent a Roman bishoptelling him what he could and could not do in his own imperium andthere was no way that he was going to allow some northern mob to defyhim and dictate terms to their sovereign king. Unfortunately, he didnot have a lot of choice in the matter. Henry simply did not possessthe troops to put the rebellion down instantly and so, in December1536, he was forced to negotiate a truce. Within a month Yorkshire alsorebelled, but that revolt was swiftly put down, and by the spring Henryhad ended the Pilgrimage, executing Aske and approximately two hundre dof his followers. Whilst all of this was going on, Wales remained peaceful. There was noviolence, and there was no uprising. Again, Lee was somewhat fortunate.There was no Aske-like figure in Wales, no strong leadership togalvanise the passive resistance into something more active andrebellious. The gentry were certainly unlikely to provide suchleadership; the unification of Wales and England had given them accessto offices and land that they had hitherto been barred from. They werein no mood to rock the boat. All that being true, considering whatWales was like before Lees policy of hanging was implemented with suchvigour, it is surprising that the Principality did not attempt even anabortive rising. Again, this is down to the policies of the Bishop ofCoventry and Lichfield. Henry had identified Wales as a potentialtrouble spot and sent Lee, a trusted man (who may well have married theKing to his second wife, Anne Boleyn) to drag the region kicking andscreaming into the English sphere and wrest control from the Marcherlords and the criminals. Lee did his job so successfully, that by thetime of the Pilgrimage, Wales was one of the least likely sites ofrevolt outside of London. This was some achievement and Rowland Leedeserves credit for it. Almost all historical figures of any note are controversial, and HenryVIII is no exception. Some see him as a man who redefined the theory ofEnglish kingship by breaking free of Rome and establishing himself assole defender of the faith, a title that the current monarch stillpossesses. Others see him as a promising young King who becameincreasingly paranoid, egotistical and violent, his promise goinglargely unfulfilled. The harshest view is of a self-righteous,self-important fat prig, who perverted the function of his office tofulfil his own personal and political desires. However, in this authors mind, the most pressing image is that of Henry as an arch-opportunist. As the 1520s wore on, Henry became increasingly unhappy with hismarriage, and determined to marry a woman who could deliver him anheir. So, he seized upon the biblical doctrine preventing a man frommarrying his brothers wife. This was something that had never botheredhim before, but which was suddenly so pressing an issue on hisconscience that he had to break with the Catholic Church and set up hisown Church of England. Since he no longer cared what the pope thought of him, he then saw thatthe monasteries in his realm were a goldmine waiting for him to goprospecting, and he did so at the first opportunity. He didnt seem tocare that despite the corruption of some of the monastic houses, manyof them provided a public service to the poorer sections of Englishsociety. His new theory of imperial kingship then gave him the opportunity to goafter the Welsh, a pressing problem that had taken twenty years to gethis attention. In fact, if the realm had not been at risk as a resultof his schism with the Vatican, Wales may well have bee n left alone. The entire Reformation was an opportunity for Henry to feed his ego,and his inflated sense of self-importance which went beyond the usualroyal belief in divine appointment. Rowland Lee could also be described as an opportunist. He used hisposition as a trusted servant to inaugurate the unification process,which would give him greater power over the area he had been assigned,and give him an opportunity to impress the king and possibly climb upthe social and political ladder, an opportunity denied to him by hisdeath in 1543, the year of the second act of Union. It is fair to saythat he could have accomplished what he did under any king, but thatthe nature of the king he served, and the time he lived in, made thecircumstances ideal. To class his rule of Wales as anything other thanan administrative and political success would not seem to accord withthe facts. Rowland Lee took an anarchic and lawless principality andthrough a policy of zero tolerance and sound admini stration, turned itinto a far more lawful and peaceful area. His period of governance mayhave seen the attempted dilution of Welsh culture, but it also gaveWelshmen equal status and political representation in the countrysseat of government; two things they had never had before. All in all,that was some achievement. BIBLIOGRAPHY Brigden, S. New Worlds, Lost Worlds: The Rule of the Tudors, 1485-1603, Penguin (2000) Davies, J. A History of Wales, Penguin, (1994) Fraser, A. The Six Wives of Henry VIII, Phoenix (2002) Froude, J.A. The Divorce of Catherine of Aragon, (1891) Hall, E, Chronicle, Macculloch, D (Ed). The Reign of Henry VIII: Politics, Policy and Piety, Macmillan (1995) Mackenney, R. Sixteenth Century Europe: Expansion and Conflict, Macmillan (1993) Rex, R, Henry VIII and his Church, Weir, A. Henry VIII: King and Court, Pimlico (2002) Weir, A. The Six Wives of Henry VIII, Pimlico (1992) Williamson, J.A. The Tudor Age, Longman, (1979)

Essay Topics For College English

Essay Topics For College EnglishWriting an education essay is probably the hardest part of writing a paper, especially if you're trying to write one from scratch. The great thing about using essay topics for college English is that there are so many available. If you are stuck for ideas, these tips can help you get started.Education essay topics for college English usually come from an educational source. This may be an interview or field report or something written for school. It can also be a reference guide for you to use in your own work. From there, you can apply the lessons learned in this subject and apply them to other areas of your life as well.Write down all of the points that you feel have significance in yourself or in your life. This will help you remember what went into the essay when you start typing up your own topic. Remember that the topics that you write must stand on their own, they are not tools to be used to make your essay easier to write.One of the easiest way s to go about choosing essay topics for college English is to find some related books. For example, if you were in a new class and you were interested in learning more about the teacher's philosophy of teaching, you might want to start researching other teachers like this in the area. Look through some of their literature. You might find references to their lessons or articles in various places.When writing an essay on a subject that pertains to you, you might also want to look for ideas for your college education. The same goes for other individuals. You could take the experiences of someone who is your friend and research it. This will give you insight on different things that people might learn from their own experiences.Asstated earlier, researching these subjects may be one of the best ways to create essays for college education. In fact, even Wikipedia has some interesting information on things you might want to research. If you are still having trouble getting started, you mi ght even want to try looking for resources online. There are many websites that are dedicated to allowing students and teachers to discuss and share different ideas, methods, and facts with one another.Many community colleges and universities also offer classes on topics that pertain to the individual. Look around for some of these. You may find that they offer better ideas or even start you off in a research-related topic.Remember that it's easy to get distracted by different things when you are writing an essay. Focus on taking notes as you need to in order to write the most effective essay possible. Remember that you do not have to be a professor or a student to do this. Writing is such a powerful tool that it can help any reader improve his or her knowledge or get through his or her studies easier.

What is Truly Going on with Possible Argument Essay Topics

<h1> What is Truly Going on with Possible Argument Essay Topics </h1> <h2>Possible Argument Essay Topics and Possible Argument Essay Topics - The Perfect Combination </h2> <p>Young authors may give basic a shot line reference generators which are regularly at no expense. Individuals sought after of contextual investigation research should race to get a kick out of our help. Regardless of whether you're an authority in a specific field, don't be hesitant to utilize and refer to outer sources. Human services subjects bring about a fabulous research paper since understudies may focus on quiet consideration, the proposed government-run social insurance framework and morals. </p> <p>Since it's a pugnacious article, consider the counter contention. It's critical to choose far from being obviously true factious article themes since you need restricting focuses that you could counter to your own focuses. It's fundamental not simply to flexibly the pr oof to back up your position yet in addition to discredit that of your adversaries. You need to run over great proof to back up your thoughts notwithstanding guides to represent the proof. </p> <p>Essay is a scope of considerations and contemplations. Factious papers are among the most irksome ones to compose. Factious exposition themes are so significant since they are debatableand it's indispensable to consistently be fundamentally thinking about our general surroundings. Moral contentious exposition themes are a couple of the easiest to lose control with. </p> <p>Citations and concentrates from a few sources must be organized appropriately. At the finish of these rundown, you will find connects to an assortment of pugnacious sections and essays.</p> <p>When you form a factious exposition, it's additionally fundamental that you present to the perusers a review of the subject or the issue accessible. Finish up like you wish to prevail upon perusers. It is critical in the first place exhibiting the significant thought of the whole piece so you and your perusers will be on exactly the same page. Finally, you in a perfect world need to choose a theme which will be fascinating for your perusers. </p> <h2> New Questions About Possible Argument Essay Topics</h2> <p>It's just common that you think that its easy to form the exposition on a point which you're keen on. On the off chance that you find the theme fascinating, you may not need to do the examination. Along these lines, the theme should be easy to r efute! Hence, you can't stand to pick a point that isn't questionable in any regard. </p> <p>In picking your theme, it's much of the time a decent idea to begin with a subject which you as of now have some recognition with. It's obviously that you ought to pick a subject that you view as fascinating. Frequently, the absolute best subject is one which you really care about, however you likewise should prepare to inquire about it. Choosing a passionate subject is additionally an extraordinary thought. </p> <h2>Finding Possible Argument Essay Topics on the Web </h2> <p>Inspiration to make your own publicizing or media factious exposition points isn't hard to find. Getting in a situation to make a solid contention can assist you with prevailing in the public eye. You should participate in extensive researching to cover all components of the subject and all purpose of perspectives by various people. Our team of expert authors with the significant experience and composing abilities is constantly arranged to satisfy your requests and surpass your de sires. </p> <p>In the method for choosing a theme, you likewise need to test your contention. The second thing you should deal with once you pick the title is to keep up at the top of the priority list five sorts of contention claims. The broadest thought is arranged on top, and as you continue composing, you become progressively focused on the chief point, inevitably coming to explicit proof to back up your case. You ought to understand that the central result which you are endeavoring to accomplish by composing the pugnacious article is to cause others to put stock in your position on a particular issue. </p> <p>After you have a thought how to adapt to a pugnacious article, you can initiate composing it as you have every basic truth for your own paper. Contentious compositions is a specific kind of a paper. A factious exposition is a sort of scholarly papers that understudies write in the inside school. Every single contentious expositions ought to have a p roposition explanation near the beginning of the article, where the essayist briefly plots their contention in a couple of sentences. </p> <p>Remember you can cause entertaining contentious expositions on the off chance that you to do a couple of things. Realities, over the long haul, will consistently win out against how people are feeling at a particular second. A few people live their lives as per their religion while some don't figure you should calculate that dynamic concerning deciding principles for everyone. Give close consideration to everything electronic, and you will be sure to discover something begging to be proven wrong of what you see.</p> <p>There are perpetually a wide scope of sentiments on the subject of innovation, and here are our preferred interesting points on this issue. Since when you have focuses and information on both the sides of a point, it gets moderately more straightforward to introduce the focal points and hindrances of the side you're attempting to contradict. Along these lines, on the off chance that you think about your crowd, it would be helpful for you to draft the contentions in a way they might be increasingly open to. 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What You Dont Know About Writing Introductory Paragraph Narrative Essay

<h1> What You Don't Know About Writing Introductory Paragraph Narrative Essay </h1> <p>In a nutshell the initial section is your chance to create a spectacular early introduction. A few people understand that they should make some compose of prologue to have the option to discover the creative cycle began. In the event that your companion can foresee the rest of your paper precisely, you in all likelihood have a brilliant presentation. The hardest advance is to pick the point and sort of paper at the very beginning. </p> <p>Sometimes acquaintances have a propensity with be fairly dubious. At the point when you uncover data toward the beginning, your crowd will get the chance to understand the focal thought further. In this manner, the substance of the presentation is to a great extent dependent on the aim of the article and the data which will be profited to the perusers. You're prepared to take in bunches of things from paper presentation models. </p > <p>Outline the plot before beginning your composition. Amusingly, the book might be an astonishing piece of composing. In opposition to different expositions in which you should contend or demonstrate something, an account article is tied in with recounting to a story. A generally excellent account article is effectively the most significant exposition and the one which's in a situation to enthrall the peruser all through the perusing. </p> <p>The cost of an exposition is needy upon the amount of exertion the essayist needs to apply. At the point when you begin composing another piece, consider what your perusers wish to comprehend. An essayist should recount to a story that will deliver the peruser thinking. To compose such an article, he should have genuine and broad information about the subject. </p> <p>Lastly, you are going to need to close your starting passage. Remember which you can generally change your starting section later. A presentation passage is only the absolute first section of an exposition. You're ready to start composing the early on passage of the exposition once you as of now have two or three areas of the chief body or potentially an end. </p> <p>Topic sentences obviously express the point of the section. Utilizing various instances of initial section permits you to see how presentations of interesting articles are composed. Understudies frequently use fascinating realities toward the beginning of this passage. </p> <h2>The Writing Introductory Paragraph Narrative Essay Stories </h2> <p>While you're not composing a specialized paper loaded with insights and inside and out data, expressing an enlightening certainty and measurement once some time is an incredible method of guaranteeing your article is of extraordinary quality. You may go into supporting data inside the body of your article, and in this way don't disclose to us everything all at once. Moreover, express your span of research, for example the limits inside which you're probably going to make your paper. Our paper composing organization gives an incredibly effective technique for figuring out how to make a few sorts out of expositio ns required in schools. </p> <h2>The Supreme Strategy to Writing Introductory Paragraph Narrative Essay </h2> <p>Following your initial sentence and before your proposition proclamation, you need to begin setting up the account paper. This section should flexibly the basic logical or foundation data with respect to the point while introducing a postulation proclamation. In a concise story or novel, your absolute first section should begin to present the chief character and what lies at the focal point of the story. For the most part, the presentation for an ordinary two-page account should be no longer than ten sentences.</p> <p>Writing an initial section is less complex than it may show up. Presentations and ends might be the most problematic areas of papers to compose. People accept that all inquiries may have answers. </p> <p>It is encouraged to search for the one which has an awesome notoriety and offers great papers at truly moderate costs. As paper points and speaker prerequisites shift, you will come to understand that the formula' will need to get acclimated to suit the way of article you will be mentioned to compose. Step by step instructions to start an exposition presentation the most moving thing about approaches to create an article presentation is the issue of the best approach to start a paper presentation. In the event that the understudy doesn't ace this piece of the article, it'll be very difficult to form a powerful or enticing exposition. </p>

Do You Need to Use Upenn Personal Essay Samples?

<h1>Do You Need to Use Upenn Personal Essay Samples?</h1><p>Reading up on close to home exposition tests can give you a head start in your undertaking to get an article distributed in a school or college's scholarly diary. Hopeful writers will in general be exceptionally careful with regards to their composition and scholastic necessities. An article test is the ideal method to guarantee that the material in your own composing is novel and compelling.</p><p></p><p>There are several examples accessible online to look over. You can discover them for nothing, read them and figure out how to compose a fascinating and elegantly composed paper. Individual paper tests can extend from free examples to book surveys, guidance, news and considerably more. In the event that you feel that your point is directly for an article distributed in a diary, at that point it is a smart thought to counsel an individual exposition sample.</p><p></p> ;<p>Many schools and colleges lean toward papers with unique plans to those that are replicated from different works. The editors at a school will need to perceive how you present the data and utilize your own voice to maneuver perusers into your article. There are numerous advantages to utilizing open individual article samples.</p><p></p><p>Research is likewise a significant piece of the creative cycle and realizing where to locate these significant archives is a key factor recorded as a hard copy. This isn't a simple assignment, notwithstanding, and you can set aside yourself time and cash by utilizing open individual paper tests just as following examination apparatuses, diaries and other scholastic references. These assets will empower you to locate the suitable paper sample.</p><p></p><p>There are numerous approaches to introduce data and locate a decent use for your composition, yet when the substance of your composing is exceptional and perusers feel like they know your material, they will think that its all the more engaging. Your article will be not the same as any other person's paper, since it has its own one of a kind voice. An individual exposition test will assist you with discovering this voice. At the point when you utilize the examples discovered on the web, you can discover all that you need in a solitary place.</p><p></p><p>This should assist you with making an article that is fascinating and individual in your own voice. It ought to have enough substance to make it fascinating for the editors who search for papers that are one of a kind and locks in. This is an extraordinary bit of leeway for individuals with certain scholarly necessities, who will most likely be unable to manage the cost of or discover an opportunity to peruse scholastic diaries regularly.</p><p></p><p>Using upenn individual paper tests is a decent method to maintain a st rategic distance from the expenses of having a costly author handle your assignments. Since they are so cheap, you can have a top notch article without spending as much as you would for proficient essayists. Individual paper tests are a reasonable other option and one that you won't regret.</p><p></p><p>Writing a decent article requires both great altering and a decent exposition theme. The individual paper tests accessible online to permit you to pick the theme and give all the data you have to compose a profoundly convincing exposition. On the off chance that you are deficient with regards to the experience, data, or time to examine and compose an individual paper, there are a lot of individual article tests that can be utilized without anyone else or a companion. This allows you to build your composing abilities and become an increasingly taught writer.</p>

Writing a Past Tense Statement For Cause and Effect Essay

<h1>Writing a Past Tense Statement For Cause and Effect Essay</h1><p>In request to be fruitful in your circumstances and logical results exposition, you should have the option to compose a postulation proclamation for a circumstances and logical results paper. You will need to be certain that you have a layout, an arrangement for the progression of your paper, and a particular spotlight on the subject of your paper.</p><p></p><p>First, you should figure out what kind of exposition you will compose. Would you like to compose a short research paper? A more extended research paper?</p><p></p><p>Second, you will need to choose which kind of article you need to compose. Would you like to compose an exploration paper or would you like to compose a theory explanation for a circumstances and logical results article? When you have this data, you will need to know how you will compose the paper. You should have the option to thi nk of a one of a kind blueprint that remembers subtleties for each piece of the essay.</p><p></p><p>Be explicit with the subtleties that you remember for your diagram. Recall that your framework should integrate the entirety of the focuses that you will expound on in your paper. On the off chance that you don't list every single one of these focuses in your diagram, it will be hard to find every last one of them when you are really composing the paper.</p><p></p><p>As an obvious actuality, it is frequently simpler to simply compose the whole layout for the paper while you are composing your particular spotlight on the point. More often than not, you will have the option to think of a framework and an emphasis on the subject of your paper. You would then be able to choose what to remember for each paragraph.</p><p></p><p>There are a few hints to composing a particular spotlight on the subject of your paper. When you have decided how you will compose the article, you will at that point need to pick a particular theme that you need to expound on. You should ensure that you expound on something that you know about and that you appreciate composing about.</p><p></p><p>As you compose the layout for your particular spotlight on the subject of your paper, you will likewise need to ensure that you join some insight regarding the subject of your paper. Numerous individuals will have the option to expound on the point in general terms, however on the off chance that you are hoping to compose an examination paper, it is significant that you have the option to expand on the particular themes that you are composing about.</p><p></p><p>Finally, the diagram isn't the main thing that you have to know when you are composing a theory proclamation for a circumstances and logical results article. You should incorporate an individual research explanation and more points of interest on your attention on the subject of your paper.</p>

The Supreme Strategy to Opinion Essay Samples

<h1> The Supreme Strategy to Opinion Essay Samples</h1> <p>There's, obviously, a breaking point on the scope of pages even our absolute best scholars can create with a squeezing cutoff time, yet normally, we make sense of how to fulfill all the customers looking for critical help. What's more, it's our earnest want to upgrade your comprehension and hone composing abilities. Mention to our specialists what kind of schoolwork help online you might want to get. Our sound insight and the uncommon composing abilities of our authorities give ideal direction to help you with your studies.</p> <p>Gradually decrease your information and license understudies to work autonomously inside their gatherings as you watch. Understudies must be cautious about posting via web-based networking media. It is basic for understudies to enhance and apply their comprehension of cardinal heading capacities. An understudy ought to have total handle of utilizing detached language. </p> <h2> The Basic Facts of Opinion Essay Samples</h2> <p>Looking at IELTS paper subjects with answers is an amazing strategy to help you to prepare for the test. Recollect the absolute first time you at any point needed to form a paper. Before you're set up to open up to the world about your exposition you may need to plainly demonstrate your work to several your amigos. An eminent paper ought to have fundamental focuses. </p> <p>Do your best recorded as a hard copy the paper and be certain that you won't fuse any sentiments. It is conceivable to take help from a sentiment paper model while composing an article completely all alone. The thoughts beneath work as a convenient guide at whatever point you're composing your supposition exposition. To offer you a cure on the most ideal approach to make an amazing school article, here are two or three thoughts you may wish to consider.</p> <p>Together with that, there are a few organizations which are concocting new garments and new textures consistently. Once in a while, the word is utilized as an amenable technique for saying an individual doesn't have the foggiest idea about a great deal about a specific subject. Additionally observe that scholarly titles will vary from country to country. Instances of characteristics we're perusing for incorporate dedicated. </p> <p>Following that, with summarizing, the creator makes the altered substance of the buy. You do have some language botches which make it somewhat difficult to track. In the event that you comply with the specific model through, it's easier for the peruser to realize what you mean. Regardless of whether it concerns the start of a Business letter or a casual letter, there are a few things that you have to know.</p> <p>As soon as you have composed every one of your realities in your layout, you should simply consolidate them with crossing over language. It is fundamental that the initial explanation be solid, to have the option to quickly get the peruser's advantage. A significant purpose of gaining a persuading contention is to comply with a sensible structure. For example, you can say you concur or deviate, and after that you make the straightforward strategy you will use to do it. </p> <p>You start with posing an inquiry, which is an extraordinary method to start. A correlation survey empowers you to think about three comparative field of attire from a significant point of view. There are a few substance composing layouts open to help you in making a site managing item audits. Interestingly, it might be something really simple and stubborn (clearly), which means you won't have to explore a lot of data. </p> <p>There's a lot of commotion to go up against when composing on the net. Also, there's a dim zone of troll posts which are purposely composed to locate an offended response. All things considered, crafted by the understudy is to simply clarify how different positions probably won't be all around educated or current regarding the matter. You get the opportunity to communicate your musings uninhibitedly. </p> <h2> What Needs to be Done About Opinion Essay Samples Before It Is Too Late </h2> <p>Opinion article themes are easy to discover. Conclusion exposition models are easy to discover. Supposition expositions are typically accepted to be a piece of the pugnacious articles. IELTS feeling expositions are very run of the mill in the test. </p> <p>Inside my sentiment, in any case, the absolute best component of Pobble is the straightforward truth the kids become distributed creators. A brilliant end reaffirms the contention and establishes a long term connection with the peruser by providing a dazzling review of the main focuses. It can sum up the primary concerns of the article in a couple sentences.</p> <p>Finally, you can't escape the straightforward truth you require to make that paper, so face your feelings of trepidation and start composing. The key point here is you, as an understudy, ought to be set up to compose on such a subject. Ensure in any scholarly desk work which you do, always remember the estimation of cognizance, exposition investigation of thoughts, lastly, innovativeness. Our team of all around prepared and talented authors are going to assist you with any matter.</p>

Examples Of Sophisticated Essay Exam Sample

Examples Of Sophisticated Essay Exam SampleYou can get undergraduate essay exam samples to help you learn the way to pass. The fact is that every essay test has different elements to it. Therefore, you need to be able to have a list of techniques that you can learn when writing the papers.Be sure to prepare in advance. There are some people who would just take the exams out of the blue without any preparation. They would either be too nervous or too embarrassed. This is something that you do not want to do so try to plan the strategy to get through the exams.First, you have to determine how long you will need to write your essay exam. If you do not know what is going to be expected from you, make sure you think about this beforehand. The two things that you want to ensure that you have when you begin is the time and the outline of the project. Do not worry about the outline, this is for you to follow.The essay exam samples should give you a list of all the materials that you will nee d. You do not want to buy anything because you will most likely forget about it or you might not have any enough supplies with you. If you are going to use a book, make sure you read it cover to cover. This will help you remember the steps to take.For each topic, look for different sample questions. When you take each exam, do not ask the same question twice. This means that you are forcing yourself to remember the answers to the test questions that you have already written.It is very important that you study for your test. This is not like a normal test, where you only need to memorize. You want to take this as a serious project. If you do not study for it, you will never know how far you can go when you have finished.In the online environment, there are many undergraduate essay exam samples available that you can use to help you out. They are actually easy to find online. You can use some to help you to be able to study for the exams. If you want to be able to write in the best wa y possible, this is a great way to go about it.The online college course offers a lot of flexibility and you can easily use this to get the information that you need. This allows you to focus on getting the grades that you want and more importantly, having the grades that you deserve. This is a great way to go about it but if you need more help then you can always visit your local college for more assistance.

Jonestown Cult Essay Topics - Important Tips To Use These Essays

<h1>Jonestown Cult Essay Topics - Important Tips To Use These Essays</h1><p>If you need to start composing articles for an instructor or for an exposition that you have been entrusted with composing, at that point perhaps the most ideal ways is to discover a Jonestown religion paper subjects. These subjects will have you be contemplating many things and on the off chance that you can put these musings together you will have the option to compose a brilliant paper that will truly grab the eye of your educator or maybe your professor.</p><p></p><p>There are various understudies that will have the option to take your exposition and make it radiate through the eyes of somebody that has just composed it. While it may not be hard to do this, it will be justified, despite all the trouble to utilize a portion of the tips in this article also. This will assist you with benefiting from your article regardless of whether you don't completely comprehend what is being said.</p><p></p><p>First off, the Jonestown clique points that you are going to need to concentrate on ought to be things that you can think about. It is critical to remember that these expositions won't simply be reviewed and conveyed into the world to be decided by the class. These will be to be utilized for your own advantage. In this manner, you will need to remember this when you are searching for topics.</p><p></p><p>The second thing that you will need to do is to ensure that you recognize what you will be covering in your paper. You would prefer not to go in there and compose something that you know nothing about. This will show the class that you have not done any exploration and that you simply realize how to cover subjects. This is something that can without much of a stretch be evaded by doing your examination beforehand.</p><p></p><p>Of course, you might be thinking about how you are go ing to know which Jonestown clique article themes you ought to be searching for. You should initially take a gander at your educator and check whether they would let you utilize their notes. At that point, you should investigate the understudy handbook and check whether there are any class related themes that may premium you. You ought to likewise utilize your assertion processor and check whether there are any examples that you can find.</p><p></p><p>It ought to likewise be noticed that the subjects that the teacher may pick will differ from individual to individual. They may pick an alternate subject each time. The fact of the matter is that you should discover a point that you can truly get into and that you will be OK with. All things considered, you are endeavoring to intrigue your educator, so you have to ensure that you have done your exploration well.</p><p></p><p>If you are uncertain about the subject that you need to utilize, you ought to consider what your companion is examining. You should then solicit them what type from subject they like to examine. In the event that they don't have a clue, at that point that might be the ideal subject for you.</p><p></p><p>Jonestown faction exposition themes ought to consistently be a subject that you can utilize. These papers will be for your very own utilization and you should utilize these subjects carefully. Simply ensure that you do your examination on these subjects a long time before you begin composing your own.</p>

College Papers at Sale Prices Help!

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A Review of Aricail Intelligence

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Clos Essay Samples - A Quick Introduction

Clos Essay Samples - A Quick IntroductionHave you ever found yourself looking for some Clo essay samples? While you may not have known that the Clo School of Business is a part of the Kellogg school, there is a reason why there are so many students from around the world who are enrolled in that Kellogg degree program. When it comes to finding out more about this program, you should know that it does provide unique and different type of studies for students who are seeking to pursue a specific type of business career.So if you are searching for some Clo essay samples that will help you build a better resume, it may be time to take a look at what they offer. Before that, though, you should know the great things that the Clo School of Business has to offer students. These are just a few of the great things that you will see when you visit the Clo School of Business.There are two different types of subjects that are offered by the Clo School of Business. One of these types of subjects is the business writing subjects, which include fact based writing. The other type of subjects that the Clo School of Business offers is the academic subjects, which include the English as a Second Language. This type of subject is offered to students who have taken a Bachelor's degree in English or who have taken an Associate degree in English and wish to pursue a higher level of education.There are Clo essay samples available for each of these types of subjects, and if you have any concerns or questions regarding either of these subjects, you can always contact the company that is providing the research samples for the programs. After that, it is up to you to decide whether you would like to apply to a Clo essay sample that you may be interested in. That way, you can be certain that you will not miss out on the opportunity to find a good one.If you have not heard of Clo essay samples before, then you may want to check out some of the great ones that are available. Some of these samp les are quite short and do not go into too much detail about the content, but it is still a good place to start for you to get some of the basics of the Clo curriculum that you will be applying to. There are also some Clo essay samples that are very detailed and go into great detail on each of the specific details that you will need to have in order to excel in the Clo School of Business.When it comes to Clo essay samples, you are going to want to make sure that you are getting some of the larger ones that are offered. Clo has several that are large and they can provide you with some great insight into the business of Clo. As you can imagine, that is not always an easy task to find, as you may have to comb through hundreds of them in order to find just the right ones for you. But when you do, you will be able to find out about the way in which Clo School of Business plans to teach you.It is also important to note that if you want to apply to Clo, then you should take advantage of al l of the opportunities that are available. Clo is a place where you will be able to see what the major schools offer for those who are interested in an MBA.

Developing Managerial Strategy in Recruitment and Selection Process Free Essays

Chapter 1INTRODUCTION The following study will be based upon the recruitment and selection strategy adopted by McDonald’s. McDonald’s is the largest chain of fast food restaurants. Currently the company operates in 119 countries, having approximately 30 thousand restaurants across the globe. We will write a custom essay sample on Developing Managerial Strategy in Recruitment and Selection Process or any similar topic only for you Order Now Its headquarters is located in the United States. In 2011 McDonald’s increased its global sales by 5.6% while its revenues reached a record of $27 billion. Following its Plan To Win, in 2012 McDonald’s aims to: â€Å"optimize and evolve their menu, modernize the customer experience and broad accessibility to their Brand† (McDonald’s Corporation, 2012). In particular, the following study will focus on McDonald’s in the United Kingdom. Currently McDonald’s has more than 1250 restaurants across the country. McDonald’s Company owns approximately 63% of them while the rest is franchised. McDonald’s hires over 67.000 people in the UK, including hours-paid employees, management team and office staff. Steve Easterbrook, Chief Executive and President of McDonald’s, postulates that Human Resources is a key priority at McDonald’s. He believes that â€Å"If you get the people part right, the rest will follow† (Fuller, 2006). McDonald’s, similarly as other global giants, aims to recruit employees that will be willing to develop and to become managers in the future. Hence, recruitment and selection process seems to be an interesting topic to examine. 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT The hospitality sector has a bad reputation amongst the jobseekers. A number of businesses within a sector do not have an employment agreement or employment policy. The jobs within a sector are mostly part-time or temporary. Additionally they are low-paid. The managers often lack people skills, as they have no solid experience in management. Hence, the hospitality sector has been characterized by a high turnover of staff (Lye, 2007). McDonald’s reputation as an employer has changed over the past decades. In 1991, Canadian novelist Douglas Coupland postulated that McDonald’s jobs were â€Å"low-prestige, low-dignity, low-benefit, no-job in the service sector† (Fuller, 2006). In 2011, McDonald’s has been awarded HR Excellence Award for its Employment Engagement Strategy. Currently, McDonald’s is a significant employer in the United Kingdom, having 67.000 staff. In 2012 McDonald’s announced its plan of creating additional 2.500 jobs in the United Kingdom. As a reasonable actor, McDonald’s aims to recruit further right people that will support management team and contribute to the company’s growth in the future. Therefore, the dissertation aims to answer the following research question: â€Å"What steps have been taken by McDonald’s to select the best types of employees?† The research question indicates that the dissertation will consider recruitment process as a determinant of a successful selection of employees. Further, the dissertation will also analyze an employment policy at McDonald’s as a guarantor of low turnover of staff. Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Human Resource Management is one of key functions within a company. It includes attraction and recruitment of new employees as well as training, assessment and rewarding system within a company. The employees are perceived as a backbone of the organization, as they jointly contribute to the company’s success (Beach, 1980). As the business environment becomes highly competitive, the companies need to attract potential employees and to make sure that the employees will be willing to develop within a company and to contribute to its growth. While small businesses delegate HR issues to their senior officials or management team, large companies have a staff specializing in Human Resource Management or hand over a part of this job to the external bodies, recruitment agencies. In both cases, recruiters have to be very selective in order to prevent long-term negative consequences of hiring wrong staff such as poor performance, high turnover and failure to achieve company’s goal s (Evans, 2007). Not only do recruitment processes and employment policies become of keen interest to people working in HR departments, but they are also a subject of an ongoing debate in an existing literature. Considering first Human Resources Management in general, there is a number of scholars who analyzed the relationship between working incentives and worker’s productivity. Three scholars who gave solid theoretical basics to HR discipline should be mentioned. These are Maslow, Herzberg and McGregor. Maslow is a founder of a hierarchy of needs. Employment is regarded as a safety need, a next level after bottom basic needs. However, self-actualizations (i.e. climbing the career ladder) is at the top of the hierarchy of needs. It indicates that people need to be encouraged to climb the career ladder at the expense of other needs such as family or leisure (Wahba and Bridwell, 1976). Herzberg, in turn, specifies two sets of factors that increase people’s productivity at work in his Tw o Factor Theory. The first group are motivator factors such as achievement, responsibility, growth, promotion, while the second group – hygiene factors such as pay and benefits, supervision, company policy and administration (Feder, 2000). Lack of hygiene factors leads to the dissatisfaction of employees. Good organizational hygiene, in turn, constitutes a good foundation for the development of the motivator factors. The following theory has two important implications. First, the employers should focus on the worker’s attitudes to the performed job rather than on their interest in the job. Second, salary has been often wrongly perceived as a motivator while it has been a hygiene factor (Feder, 2000). McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y. These theories divide employees into two groups, based on their job attitude and then, shape two different management styles. Theory X assumes that people are lazy and avoid responsibilities. Hence, managers should tightly control their workers. As the employees are not ambitious, a strong incentive program needs to be implemented in order to increase their productivity. Contrary, Theory Y postulates that the employees are self-motivated and self-controlled. Managers should create the right conditions for self-development of their employees. According to McGregor, Theory Y managers are more successful than Theory X managers in building mutual trust with their employees and hence, in HR development. As HR is a key function of the organizations, Theory Y managers are also more effective in achieving company’s goals (Steward, 2009). Considering the recruitment process, there is a little discussion in the literature on the selection criteria, as the companies have been recruiting on various positions and hence, selection criteria are entirely dependent on the vacancies. Instead, the scholars (i.e. Richardson) focus on the recruitment strategies that can generally be divided on internal and external recruitment strategies. Internal recruitment refers to the recruitment within a company (a promotion of existing personnel or hiring through a recommendation of friend or family member by existing staff). The main advantage of internal recruitment is that the insiders know company’s strengths and limitations, its employees and culture. The internal promotion also strengthens the employees’ commitment to the company. On the other hand, sometimes it might be hard to find a right candidate on a particular vacancy and hence, the position might be offered to the person that does not have possibly best qualific ations. Similarly, the company might not have a sufficient number of qualified staff to take newly created positions. Hence, it might lead to the promotion of people that did not get a full training and do not have a solid knowledge. External recruitment, in turn, includes informal and formal methods. Formal methods concern wide searches at the labour market for the candidates with no previous connection to the company. Informal methods regard searching company’s database for the retained resumes (i.e. rehiring former employees, hiring students who took internship programme within a company). The later method is faster and inexpensive compared to external methods (Richardson, 2000). Chapter 3METHODOLOGY The following section will discuss the methodology used in the following research work. First, it will focus on the research design (research objectives, philosophy, strategy and approach) and then, it will consider methodology and its limitations. 3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN Research objectives The dissertation displays two main objectives. First, it aims to analyze the recruitment strategy developed by McDonald’s in order to demonstrate how McDonald’s attracts people to apply for a job as well as to reveal what employees McDonald’s is looking for. Second, it intends to examine an employment policy of McDonald’s in order to discuss the working incentives used by McDonald’s to ensure low turnover of staff. Research philosophy The research philosophy is based on research question, objectives and methodology. The following research considers recruitment strategy and employment policy as key elements of successful HR management. Hence, interpretivism is considered to be the most accurate research philosophy, as it focuses on social actions and their influence on people. Research approach The following research work will use both inductive and deductive research approaches. The deductive approach will be reflected in the review of existing literature on human resources management as well as in the discussion on the relevance of various recruitment strategies to McDonald’s recruitment concept. The inductive approach, in turn, will be reflected in the interview with McDonald’s Vice President. The interview will demonstrate the main values and principles of HR policy at McDonald’s in order to deliver a detailed understanding of the research context. Research strategy (methodology) As the recruitment strategies and recruitment processes are deeply researched elements of HR sector, the most accurate methodology seems to be the case study. It will focus on an in-depth analysis of the research topic on an example of a single company, McDonald’s. The following case study will have an explanatory character as it examines relationships between organization and its employees (In general, an explanatory research concerns relationships between variables i.e. the causes and the results). 3.2 DATA COLLECTION METHODS Both qualitative and quantitative methods will be used in the following dissertation in order to collect data. First, the research will include the semi-structural interview (qualitative method) with David Fairhust, McDonald’s vice-president responsible for HR department. This interview will be based on the list of 15 questions on recruitment strategy and employment policy at McDonalds and will provide a reliable data from the company’s side. Further, the interview will create an opportunity to gain the additional information due to the open-ended questions and the new questions brought up while interviewing. Second, the questionnaire will be conducted amongst the McDonald’s employees (quantitative methodology). The questionnaire aims to demonstrate how employees perceive the recruitment process within McDonald’s (How easy was a recruitment processHow did they like the questions they have been askedDid any questions concern their growth within the company and potential career in management?) as well as to present how willing they are to work for McDonald’s within next five years. In order to present reliable and objective information, the research target is to survey a group of 100 employees from five McDonald’s restaurants in London. The designed questionnaire will include twenty multiple choice, closed-ended questions, as it intends to provide comparable data. Nonetheless, it will also leave some space for comments so that the employee will have an opportunity to present any additional issues (concerns). 3.5 LIMITATION OF THE DATA COLLECTION’S METHODOLOGY The validity and reliability of gained information are crucial for the research purposes. Hence, the researcher is aware of the limitations of the methodology and aims to minimize them. Considering the interview first, the researcher is aware that too sensitive topic, inexplicit questions as well as behaviour of the interviewer can affect interviewee’s response. Prior to the interview, the researcher will guarantee that all information will be used exclusively for the research purpose. Further, the interviewee will be given a copy of his answers in order to confirm that the interview does not offend the company and that the interviewee agrees to use the information in the following research work. Considering the questionnaire, the questions might be imprecise or inaccurate and hence, the respondents might understand the questions differently than the researcher did. Hence, the pilot study will be conducted first. They will include a group of 5 employees and they will check the level of difficulty and feedback by the respondents. The pilot study also helps researcher to obtain some assessment about the reliability of the questionnaire which will be very helpful in detecting the weaknesses and grey areas. This will also provide help about some ambiguous and vague queries so that they will be amended prior to final presentation. Further, the uncomfortable environment can also have an impact on the questionnaire’s results. Hence, the researcher intends to ensure that the questionnaire will be anonymous and it will not have an impact on the working conditions of the employees who agreed to participate. The management teams in the McDonald’s restaurants are expected to help in achieving this goal. TIMETABLE Prepare Proposal MM:DD:2012 Literature ReviewMM:DD:2012 Final Literature ReviewMM:DD:2012 Pilot Questionnaire MM:DD:2012 Final Questionnaire MM:DD:2012 Results And AnalysisMM:DD:2012 First DraftMM:DD:2012 Final Draft MM:DD:2012 PresentationMM:DD:2012 Final ReportMM:DD:2012 REFERENCES Andrews, Y., (1988). 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